Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge Practice Test

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• What is the correct definition of wing aspect ratio?
• In general, what does clean configuration accomplish?
• What is a warm front?
• What are Federal airways?
• In a Microwave Landing System, which components are typically included?
• Mean Sea Level is used as the reference for altitudes.
• NOAA stands for which organization?
• Empty-field myopia occurs under certain conditions; which statement is correct?
• REIL is a system of runway end lights that provides identification of the runway threshold. What does REIL stand for?
• What is wing span?
• Which speed is described as the best angle-of-climb speed?
• LAAS stands for which system?
• NDB stands for what term in aviation navigation?
• Which position transmits IFR departure clearances?
• What information does an Area Forecast (FA) provide?
• Which term describes using more power than required for the purpose of achieving a faster rate of airspeed change?
• What is a stabilator?
• What is the function of the antiservo tab on the stabilator?
• Which axis corresponds to yaw?
• In aviation terminology, an emergency means?
• Which statement best defines position error?
• TCH stands for?
• Density altitude is defined as the pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature and is used to evaluate aircraft performance.
• Which document lists operating conditions and is published by the airframe manufacturer?
• Ranging signals are transmitted from GPS satellites to allow the receiver to determine which measurement?
• Omission error is defined as...
• Fixed-pitch propellers are designed as climb propellers, cruise propellers, or standard propellers. Which of the following is NOT a design category?
• Equilibrium in aerodynamics describes a condition when what occurs?
• What describes the recommended altitude on an instrument approach chart?
• What does a weather depiction chart detail?
• On a precision approach, what is the term for the altitude at which a missed approach must be initiated if the required visual reference hasn't been established, charted in feet MSL?
• TAWS is designed to provide warnings about terrain hazards. Which option best represents TAWS?
• Which navigation performance term stands for a defined level of accuracy within a lateral confinement area?
• Detonation is the sudden release of heat energy from the fuel-air mixture caused by reaching its critical pressure and temperature.
• What does the Localizer (LOC) provide on an ILS?
• PAPI stands for which instrument?
• Which feature does the lateral axis pass through?
• Which statement best describes Visual Flight Rules (VFR)?
• Which statement about the Visual Descent Point (VDP) is correct?
• Empennage is defined as which portion of the airplane?
• Propeller/rotor modulation error can cause VOR CDI fluctuations up to ±6°. Which action normally smooths out this roughness?
• Which statement about Class B airspace is true?
• IAS stands for what term used as a standard atmospheric model?
• Obstacle Departure Procedures are preplanned IFR departure instructions printed for pilot use in textual or graphic form to provide obstruction clearance via the least onerous route. Which option is the correct term for these procedures?
• ASOS stands for which system?
• Where is a ground adjustable trim tab bent to apply trim forces?
• MFD stands for what in avionics?
• Ground effect increases lift and decreases induced drag. Which statement best describes this relationship?
• Who publishes the TPP in regional format?
• Isobars are lines on weather charts that connect points of equal what?
• Ranging signals are transmitted by GPS satellites to allow the receiver to determine which measurement?
• The boundary between two different air masses is called:
• The Attitude Indicator is the foundation for all instrument flight. What does it reflect?
• How is a waypoint defined?
• Convective SIGMET is a weather advisory concerning convective weather significant to the safety of all aircraft. Which phenomena does it typically include?
• The empennage includes which components?
• Leading-edge flap true statement?
• Flaps are which of the following?
• Absolute pressure is defined as?
• Torque, in a helicopter context, can refer to the tendency of the helicopter to yaw opposite the rotation of the main rotor, a concept captured by which term?
• What is a surface analysis chart?
• Conventional landing gear is described as including what configuration?
• The drift angle is defined as the angle between which two elements?
• Which statement best describes Instrument meteorological conditions (IMC)?
• Which system minimizes the effects of hydroplaning?
• What is the minimum en route altitude (MEA)?
• Which term describes a moment divided by a constant to simplify weight and balance computations?
• NWS stands for which organization?
• Victor airways are used to establish a known en route route between terminal areas and are based on a centerline that extends from one navigation aid to another. Which navigation aids are used to define these airways?
• What does Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) measure?
• What is the Weather and Radar Processor (WARP) used for in aviation weather systems?
• HIWAS describes weather advisories for en route flights. Which statement correctly applies?
• What defines a T-tail configuration?
• What is wind shear?
• What does Selective Availability (SA) do in GPS?
• RF stands for what term commonly used in navigation and communication?
• Eddy currents are currents induced in what when crossed by lines of flux from a moving magnet?
• Which surfaces of an aircraft can exhibit anhedral?
• Obstacle Departure Procedures (ODP) are preplanned IFR departures designed to provide what primary purpose?
• Control and performance in attitude instrument flying is described as which method?
• Which term best describes the boundary between air masses where cold air is replacing warm air, when considering the cold front?
• The term doghouse refers to what?
• Which statement about World Aeronautical Charts is true?
• Which instrument is a form of pneumatic altimeter with an adjustable barometric scale?
• Lag in an instrument's readout is defined as which of the following?
• Judgment in aviation terms is best described as what process?
• Which statement best describes a ground adjustable trim tab?
• What is a DME arc?
• Rigidity is described as
• The ground proximity warning system (GPWS) is designed to determine what?
• Form drag is defined as:
• Which system is designed to keep an aircraft on a set course with no pilot input?
• What is the primary purpose of ADM in flight safety?
• Which energy source powers a turbocharger?
• TDZE stands for?
• Dark adaptation is the physical and chemical adjustments of the eye that make vision possible in relative darkness. Which option best describes this process?
• Which phase is primarily handled by the Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC)?
• What is defined as the maximum distance from wingtip to wingtip?
• TAWS stands for Terrain Awareness and Warning System. Which option correctly reflects this acronym?
• Spin is an aggravated stall that results in an airplane descending in a helical, or corkscrew path.
• What best defines wind correction angle (WCA)?
• Center of gravity (CG) is defined as the point at which the airplane would balance if suspended at that point. It is the mass center and may be expressed in which units?
• Acceleration in physics is best described as?
• What does Trend describe on aviation instruments?
• What happens when specified visual aids are inoperative?
• Vapor lock is a problem that mostly affects which engines?
• Under which conditions must a flight operate IFR rather than VFR?
• Angle of attack is defined as the angle between which two lines?
• Which statement about the Terminal Arrival Area (TAA) is true?
• A complete engine and propeller combination with accessories defines which term?
• An instrument used with some of the larger reciprocating engines and turboprop or turboshaft engines to measure the reaction between the propeller reduction gears and the engine case is called a:
• Which statement best defines ambient temperature?
• Which statement defines a sea level engine?
• A pressure-demand oxygen system is also referred to as a what?
• Movement of the ailerons rotates an airplane about which axis?
• Which instrument is a direction-sensing device using two loops oriented 90° apart to determine direction?
• Absolute altitude is defined as?
• Which phenomenon is defined as an increase in temperature with altitude?
• What is clearance void time?
• Headwork refers to what in aeronautical decision making?
• What does SDF stand for in navigation aids?
• Microwave Landing System operates in which spectrum?
• Absolute pressure is measured from what reference?
• Who approves the Airplane Flight Manual (AFM)?
• What is an inclinometer and how is it used in flight?
• In modern CRM definitions, CRM includes multiple groups routinely working with the flight crew. Which group is included?
• Which term is defined as drag caused by the friction of air moving over the aircraft structure, with the amount increasing directly with airspeed?
• Which statement about an intercooler is correct?
• What is the typical radius of the reference circle?
• What is the Mandatory altitude?
• Camber affects the airflow velocity around the wing. Which statement is true?
• What is the function of the Flight Management System (FMS)?
• ASDE is most accurately described as which of the following?
• In VOR navigation, the radial or line from the VOR station is defined as the direction measured clockwise from which reference?
• What is an AIRMET?
• Outside Air Temperature (OAT) is also referred to as what?
• Circling approach is described as which?
• In station numbering, what is station zero identified as?
• What term describes designated airspace within which flight of aircraft is prohibited?
• Hyperventilation can lead to unconsciousness due to which mechanism?
• Which term describes an uncoordinated turn in which the aircraft is banked too much for the rate of turn, pulling toward the outside of the turn?
• PFD stands for which instrument display?
• SSV stands for which term used in navigation and radar?
• Which instrument senses both roll and yaw due to gimbal cant?
• Latitude measures north or south of the equator in which units?
• What does the abbreviation FA stand for in aviation weather resources?
• Which statement about MOCA versus MEA is true?
• MOA stands for what?
• Which term describes the rapidly rotating whirlpools of air behind an aircraft due to lift?
• Which acronym represents the agency responsible for publishing terminal procedures and en route charts?
• Which option best describes the Electronic Flight Display (EFD)?
• A force vector is best described as which of the following?
• Anti-ice systems in aircraft are designed to do which of the following?
• Which activities may take place within a warning area?
• Mach number is the ratio of true airspeed to the speed of sound.
• Relative Bearing Indicator (RBI) is also known as the fixed-card ADF. Which of the following options represents this instrument?
• Which description best applies to Preferred IFR routes?
• Technique refers to what?
• Changeover point is defined as what?
• What is pressure altitude?
• Which statement correctly describes WAAS?
• Risk refers to
• Foreign Object Damage (FOD) refers to:
• Which statement correctly describes an adjustable stabilizer?
• On an instrument approach chart, which kind of altitude indicates the need to maintain a specific altitude?
• Static pressure is the pressure of air that is still or not moving, measured perpendicular to the surface of the aircraft.
• Which statement best describes the semicircular canal?
• What is an Area chart used for in navigation charts?
• The vestibule is the central cavity of which structure?
• Which instrument combines a magnetic compass with an ADF or VOR to display magnetic heading?
• Lines of longitude are also referred to as meridians.
• Which term describes the unstable, rising air found in cumuliform clouds?
• The actual height above mean sea level at which the aircraft is flying is called the:
• What is the Instrument Landing System primarily used to provide?
• Radar weather report (SD) is issued at 35 minutes after the hour and provides information on the type, intensity, and location of the echo tops of the precipitation.
• Rhodopsin is defined as
• In aviation navigation, GS stands for which term?
• Zone of confusion is the volume of space above the VOR station where what occurs?
• IAF stands for which aviation term?
• The Flight Management System blends available inputs from long- and short-range sensors to provide navigation. Which option is true?
• Mean sea level is defined as which of the following?
• What is the function of a balance tab?
• Engine pressure ratio (EPR) is used as an indication of what parameter in a turbine engine?
• What does Minimum Safe Altitude (MSA) provide on approach charts?
• WAAS improvements are achieved by which type of system?
• Which term refers to the speed through the air corrected for instrument and position errors?
• Which of the following best describes the term 'Stationary front' as used in flight operations?
• Standard rate turn for low- or medium-speed aircraft is 3 degrees per second.
• ADM is defined as:
• Pitot pressure is ram air pressure used to measure airspeed.
• What is a loadmeter in an aircraft electrical system?
• In IFR navigation, the lead radial is best defined as which radial?
• What is the graveyard spiral in pilot perception?
• MRA stands for which altitude term?
• Tower En Route Control stands for?
• En route low-altitude charts are intended for IFR navigation below what altitude?
• Which statement describes an axial-flow compressor?
• Which statement best describes the evolution of CRM definitions?
• TIS stands for which aviation service?
• Which term describes direct routes based on area navigation capability between waypoints defined in terms of latitude/longitude coordinates, degree-distance fixes, or offsets from established routes/airways at a specified distance and direction?
• The illusion where a pilot perceives the aircraft tumbling backwards during abrupt transition from climb to straight-and-level flight when visual cues are absent is called what?
• Which feature is commonly shown on a surface analysis chart?
• VFE is the maximum airspeed with flaps extended. Which option correctly identifies this relationship?
• IMC is the abbreviation for which condition?
• Which term describes a configuration with minimum drag?
• An adjustable stabilizer is used to what?
• Which statement accurately describes a turbojet engine?
• Leading edge refers to which part of an airfoil?
• Which description matches a compass rose?
• STAR stands for which term?
• Which term denotes the altitude published to ensure obstacle clearance for a given area?
• Height above touchdown elevation (HAT) is the height of the DA/DH or MDA above the highest runway elevation in the touchdown zone (first 3,000 feet of the runway).
• OM stands for what marker in instrument navigation?
• Which statement about the thermosphere is true?
• SSR stands for Secondary Surveillance Radar.
• The Visual Approach Slope Indicator (VASI) provides descent guidance information during the approach. Which color combination indicates you are on the correct glidepath?
• In aviation navigation, the term refers to the intended direction of flight in the horizontal plane measured from which reference?
• Hydroplaning presents which primary risk during landing or braking on a surface with standing water?
• What is a point-in-space approach?
• Which description best defines a V-tail?
• Which statement best describes the category of airspace known as special use airspace?
• RF, or radio frequency, refers to which concept?
• What is the primary purpose of Minimum Reception Altitude (MRA)?
• Cantilever refers to a wing designed to carry loads under which condition?
• What does VLE stand for?
• Tropopause is the boundary between which atmospheric layers?
• Calibrated airspeed is defined as what?
• Which instrument expresses direction in degrees on a map or chart?
• What are Lines of flux?
• Which statement best describes the Localizer's function on final approach?
• In instrument flight, what is the 'Scan'?
• The reference line used in a magnetic compass or heading indicator is called what?
• Wing twist is primarily implemented to improve aileron control during which flight condition?
• World Aeronautical Charts (WAC) have a scale of:
• What is a turbocharger?
• The Missed Approach Point is the point at which a pilot must initiate the missed approach if the required visual references are not seen.
• Airspeed is defined as which of the following?
• Which statement about sectional aeronautical charts is true?
• An adjustable-pitch propeller is defined as which?
• Which lights outline the edges of the taxiway?
• Which document is abbreviated as FA and is used to convey weather information for flight planning?
• What does VMC define when referring to minimum control speed for a light twin-engine airplane?
• Histotoxic hypoxia is best described as what?
• Parallels: lines of latitude are also called what?
• Ailerons are described as:
• Threshold Crossing Height is a concept used in instrument approaches to determine crossing height relative to which glidepath reference?
• The Troposphere extends from the surface to a height that depends on latitude, typically within which range?
• Which type of guidance does a precision approach provide?
• The Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) is established for what radius around the airport?
• Runway Visibility Value (RVV) is the visibility determined for a runway by which instrument?
• What is the Visual Descent Point (VDP)?
• Which term is charted as height above threshold elevation and indicates where to decide to continue or miss on a precision approach?
• TFR stands for Temporary Flight Restriction. Which option correctly expands the acronym?
• What term describes a pair of control surfaces on the tail arranged in the form of a V; when moved together they act as elevators, and when moved differentially they act as rudder?
• Which statement about Localizer-type directional aids (LDAs) is true?
• Relative Bearing Indicator is also described as the fixed-card ADF. Which option correctly names this instrument in the given choices?
• What best defines a turboshaft engine?
• A constant-speed propeller is defined as which of the following?
• What is the accelerate-go distance primarily used to evaluate during takeoff planning?
• Which statement best describes the Primary Flight Display’s effect on pilot situational awareness?
• Which component is included in the useful load of a general aviation aircraft?
• NACG stands for which organization?
• What does EGT stand for?
• Which term describes a force's magnitude and direction as a graphic representation?
• Which term is defined as the pressure in the area immediately surrounding the aircraft?
• In a turboprop engine, what happens to most of the energy in the exhaust gases?
• What does VOR stand for?
• Which device propels an aircraft by producing thrust approximately perpendicular to its plane of rotation?
• In ATC communications, IDENT refers to...
• Which describes 'Land immediately' in emergencies?
• Homing is defined as what?
• The dewpoint is the temperature at which air becomes saturated and can hold no more water.
• RVSM reduces vertical separation between which flight levels?
• Which term describes the instrument indication corrected to reflect standard value for accuracy?
• Which term refers to a published IFR arrival procedure used to standardize arrivals into a terminal area?
• Which option correctly describes ILS Category IIIA minima?
• Which device is a low-power L/MF beacon located at the site of the outer or middle marker of an ILS?
• Which instrument indicates altitude by sensing pressure changes?
• Drift angle is defined as the angle between which two directions?
• Which engine uses a reduction gearing arrangement to drive a propeller?
• What two components make up the turn-and-slip indicator?
• Convective weather typically involves which type of atmospheric phenomena?
• Which instrument approach provides lateral and vertical guidance with integrity limits similar to BARO VNAV?
• Which system uses satellites rather than ground-based transmitters for location information?
• Region of reverse command states what?
• What is current induction in electrical terms?
• ILS Category IIIB minima specify which conditions?
• CG stands for which term?
• VOR test facility availability can be airborne or ground-based. Which statement describes VOT availability accurately?
• The heading indicator is also called what?
• Canard configuration is a configuration in which the span of the forward wing is substantially less than that of the main wing. Which option best matches this definition?
• Which term is a ground-based radio transmitter that transmits energy in all directions?
• What is an inverter in aviation electrical systems?
• How does fog differ from a cloud?
• Trailing edge is the portion of an airfoil where the airflow from the upper surface rejoins the lower surface. Which term describes this feature?
• Which statement about VOR is true?
• A 100-hour inspection is required for which aircraft?
• Should you exceed VNO in smooth air when flying with retractable landing gear?
• Canard is defined as which of the following?
• Zulu time is used in aviation for coordinated universal time (UTC).
• Accelerate-go distance is defined as?
• Centrifugal flow compressor is defined as what?
• Back Course (BC) is defined as which of the following?
• Which statement best defines attitude instrument flying?
• Which axis controls roll?
• Leans: what is it?
• Which description best characterizes Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM)?
• True airspeed is defined as?
• LDA stands for?
• What is the Initial Approach Fix (IAF)?
• Which description defines an air mass?
• Which term refers to stability about the vertical axis?
• In aviation communications, RT stands for what?
• Sea breeze is a coastal breeze that flows in which direction during the day?
• What does the acronym VOR stand for?
• The energy applied to an object that attempts to cause it to change its direction, speed, or motion is called:
• Which fuselage design uses the stressed outer skin to carry the majority of imposed stresses?
• LOC on aviation charts refers to?
• How is the word radar used in modern language?
• MTR stands for which aviation term?
• Cabin altitude is best defined as what?
• Which statement best describes the drag generated between air molecules and the solid surface of the aircraft?
• An aeronautical chart is best described as:
• Which statement correctly relates to the lift coefficient?
• Zone of confusion pertains to which navigation aid?
• In a gas turbine engine, what defines a compressor stall?
• Which term describes an IFR altitude lower than the minimum en route altitude that provides terrain and obstacle clearance?
• ODPs may be flown without ATC clearance unless an alternate departure procedure (SID or radar vector) has been assigned by ATC. Which option describes that alternate procedure?
• Which symbol identifies the FAF for precision approaches on government charts?
• Which axis is associated with pitch motion?
• MOA designates airspace primarily used for what purpose?
• Amendment status on an instrument approach procedure refers to which of the following?
• Ceiling is defined as the height above the earth's surface of what?
• Reference circle is also called what?
• How does Induced drag vary with airspeed?
• Which statement best describes a turbofan engine?
• Which description corresponds to Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS)?
• Which publication would a pilot consult for information on airports, communications, and NAVAIDs?
• What is the primary function of a Control Display Unit?
• Runway centerline lights provide what arrangement?
• Longitude is measurement east or west of the Prime Meridian in degrees, minutes, and seconds.
• Fuselage is defined as?
• What color bursts comprise Rabbit, the flasher system?
• In aircraft control systems, what term describes a device that receives a small input signal and exerts a large output force to move a control surface?
• Which term refers to a navigation aid that provides both horizontal and vertical guidance to a runway?
• Manifold absolute pressure is defined as?
• An azimuth card may be set, gyroscopically controlled, or driven by a remote compass. Which description best matches an azimuth card?
• The intended direction of flight in the horizontal plane measured in degrees from north is known as the:
• How do Inoperative Components affect minimums on instrument procedures?
• What is minimum reception altitude (MRA)?
• In aviation, the term configuration refers to which of the following?
• What is the great circle route?
• TDZE represents which feature on the runway landing surface?
• Jet stream is described as a high-velocity wind near the upper troposphere that generally flows from west to east. This describes which option best?
• The dewpoint is the temperature at which air reaches a state where it can hold no more water.
• Which speed is the Best angle-of-climb speed?
• What is VLE?
• What term refers to the pressure in the area immediately surrounding the aircraft?
• Which term describes a form of altimeter with an adjustable barometric scale used for setting the reference pressure?
• Fuel load refers to what?
• Hot start in a gas turbine engine is defined as a start which occurs with normal engine rotation, but exhaust temperature exceeds prescribed limits. This is usually caused by what condition?
• What does TAA stand for in aviation?
• Which term describes transmitting on one frequency and receiving on a separate frequency?
• Flameout refers to which engine condition?
• Which instrument is designed to replace traditional mechanical gyroscopic flight instruments and provides superior reliability?
• ALS stands for which term in aviation?
• Adiabatic cooling is a process that cools air by which mechanism?
• The Tropopause is the boundary layer that confines most weather to which layer?
• Which of the following statements about the stratosphere is true?
• Which navigation instrument features a vertical card with an azimuth and a fixed miniature airplane to display heading?
• The trim tab on a control surface is used to balance what?
• Which statement about Maneuvering Speed (VA) is true?
• Which organization issues Airworthiness Directives (AD) in the United States?
• MAA stands for which term?
• Which term describes the direction an aircraft is pointed with respect to magnetic north?
• V1 is which of the following?
• What does minimum safe altitude (MSA) provide on approach charts?
• What does planform refer to?
• Military Operations Area (MOA) is airspace established for what purpose?
• Which statement describes clear ice?
• Center of gravity limits are defined as forward and aft points within which the CG must be located during flight. These limits are indicated on pertinent airplane specifications. Which option best expresses this definition?
• What is the term for a pair of synchronized flashing lights located laterally on each side of the runway threshold that provides rapid and positive identification of the approach end of a runway?
• Angle of incidence is the acute angle formed between which two elements?
• What does Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) do?
• Graveyard spiral is the illusion of the cessation of a turn while still in a prolonged, coordinated, constant rate turn, which can lead to loss of control. This statement describes which phenomenon?
• What is weight in aviation terms?
• What is a movable leading-edge device that extends at high angles of attack to delay airflow separation?
• Minimum descent altitude (MDA) defines what?
• Which symbol on government IFR charts identifies the FAF as a Maltese cross for nonprecision approaches?
• In navigation terminology, COP stands for?
• Which term describes an altitude depicted on an instrument approach chart whose value is not underscored or overscored?
• Which drag is caused by the friction of air moving over the aircraft surface and increases with airspeed?
• Which statement best defines thrust as the force that imparts a change in velocity of a mass and has no element of time?
• Frost is defined as ice crystal deposits formed by sublimation when temperature and dewpoint are below freezing.
• Which term is associated with lines of latitude in navigation?
• During a back-course approach, an aircraft typically approaches the instrument runway from which end?
• DRVSM stands for which concept in domestic airspace operations?
• In what year was the term RADAR coined?
• As airspeed and pressure altitude increase, equivalent airspeed becomes what relative to calibrated airspeed, and what must be subtracted to obtain the corrected value?
• Maximum landing weight is the greatest weight that an airplane normally is allowed to have at landing.
• How is useful load defined in relation to maximum gross weight and basic empty weight?
• In RF antenna systems, what is a goniometer?
• Where does the Prime Meridian pass through?
• The curved glass inclinometer in the turn-and-slip indicator indicates which relationship?
• RAIM is used to verify the usability of which signals?
• Which statement best describes the region of normal command?
• Maximum weight refers to the maximum authorized weight of the aircraft and all equipment as specified in which document?
• PFD refers to which display in the cockpit?
• Height Above Airport (HAA) is defined as the height of which value above the published airport elevation?
• Dew forms as moisture condensed from water vapor, typically on cooler objects near the ground.
• Transcribed Weather Broadcast (TWEB) is described as which service?
• Which drag component is caused by friction between air layers and the surface?
• Deceleration error in a magnetic compass occurs on which headings and in which direction does the compass card rotate?
• Airspace from 18,000 feet MSL up to and including FL 600 including waters within 12 NM of coast of the 48 contiguous states and Alaska, and designated international airspace beyond 12 NM within areas of domestic radio navigational signal or ATC radar coverage is which class?
• Dynamic stability is defined as which property?
• Threshold Crossing Height is the theoretical height above the runway threshold at which the aircraft would cross if it maintained the trajectory established by the mean ILS glideslope. This term is known as:
• How many magnetos per engine are typically installed in light aircraft?
• What is the standard lapse rate in the lower atmosphere?
• Which term describes the estimation of an intermediate value between marked values in a series?
• How is 'Human factors' best defined in aviation?
• Which publication contains the Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs)?
• Which description corresponds to Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS)?
• Random RNAV routes are defined as which type of navigation paths?
• Floor load limit is defined as which of the following?
• The Final Approach Fix (FAF) marks what in the instrument approach procedure?
• Holding is defined as what?
• Which airspace extends from the surface to 10,000 feet MSL surrounding the nation's busiest airports in terms of IFR operations or passenger numbers and requires ATC clearance to operate?
• Rapid decompression is described as which event?
• Which factor primarily determines whether a cold or warm occlusion occurs?
• No-gyro approach is used when which equipment malfunctions?
• What is a spoiler on an airplane?
• In aviation, Attitude is defined as what?
• What does Instrument approach procedures (IAP) describe?
• In aviation communications, duplex refers to which arrangement?
• Standard service volume (SSV) defines the limits of the volume of airspace which the VOR serves.
• Which system provides heading, attitude, and yaw information for aircraft?
• What is the minimum equipment list (MEL)?
• What is a magneto?
• Which statement about the Flight Director Indicator is true?
• Which term describes a system that provides current FAA weather and flight plan filing services to pilots via PC or modem?
• The PRM, or Precision Runway Monitor, is used to monitor what?
• The trailing edge of an airfoil is best described as which part of the wing?
• TWEB stands for which term?
• Which term best describes estimating a value that lies between two known values in a dataset?
• In a VORTAC system, the DME distance information is provided by which component?
• What is included in standard empty weight (GAMA)?
• Risk management is defined as
• Which system provides automated weather observations using sensors, a processor, and a voice transmitter?
• Relative wind is the direction of airflow produced by motion through the air. What factor determines this direction on a given flight path?
• ILS Category IIIC minima require which of the following?
• What does FAA stand for?
• Concentric rings on instrument approach procedure charts are dashed-line circles outside the reference circle that show en route and feeder facilities. Which option best completes this statement?
• Which speed is described as the best rate-of-climb speed?
• Gyroscopic precession causes an applied force to be manifested 90 degrees in which direction?
• Concentric rings on instrument approach procedure charts are dashed-line circles outside the reference circle that show en route and feeder facilities.
• The rate gyro in the turn-and-slip indicator measures which quantity?
• Which flight-control arrangement connects the rudder and ailerons with interconnected springs to counteract adverse yaw and can be overridden if a slip is necessary?
• Which runway lighting component consists of flush centerline lights spaced at 50-foot intervals beginning 75 feet from the landing threshold?
• An airway is based on a centerline that extends from one navigation aid or intersection to another navigation aid (or through several) and is used to establish a known route for en route procedures between terminal areas.
• What does HSI stand for in aviation instrumentation?
• The Terminal Arrival Area contains a 'T' structure that normally provides a NoPT for aircraft using the approach. Which option correctly reflects this capability?
• Which force acts toward the center of rotation in turning flight?
• Which device processes pitot-static data to provide airspeed, altitude, and vertical speed?
• Which inputs are processed by the Air Data Computer (ADC) to compute altitude and airspeeds?
• The Relative Bearing Indicator (RBI) is associated with a fixed reference orientation on its display. Which statement is true about this orientation?
• An aircraft is best defined as:
• Coordinated flight is defined as what?
• What does a significant weather prognostic provide?
• What is the meaning of Maneuverability?
• Which word best describes resistance to turning or twisting in mechanical systems, including its use in aviation contexts?
• An item located at station +50 would have an arm of how many inches?
• Which speed is Best rate-of-climb speed with one engine inoperative for a light twin-engine airplane?
• Margin identification on an instrument approach chart refers to which features?
• Which term describes a downward slant from root to tip of a wing?
• What is an airfoil best described as?
• DRVSM stands for Domestic Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum, which defines what?
• What is the Stratosphere?
• Dynamic stability leads to what behavior after disturbance?
• Which agency publishes terminal procedures and en route charts?
• NoPT stands for which term?
• Which data are included in satellite ephemeris data?
• Which of the following is included in standard empty weight?
• Which component best defines a powerplant?
• What is the primary purpose of the final approach segment in an instrument approach procedure?
• Which airspace is generally uncontrolled, except when associated with a temporary control tower?
• Which statement best describes preignition?
• Directional stability refers to stability about which axis?
• What is a National Security Area (NSA)?
• Which term refers to a preplanned IFR departure published for pilot use?
• Flight patterns are basic maneuvers, flown by reference to the instruments to practice instrument flight. Which option best reflects this?
• What are supercooled water droplets?
• Relative bearing is defined as the angular difference between the aircraft heading and the direction to the station, measured clockwise from the nose. Which option lists these two reference directions?
• Which term denotes the ratio of mass airflow through the fan to the mass airflow that passes through the gas generator?
• The HUD allows the pilot to view flight data while looking through the windshield for what?
• Which statement describes a controllable-pitch propeller (CPP)?
• Which term describes a flight permit issued to an aircraft that does not meet airworthiness requirements but is capable of safe flight?
• Which description best defines Locator middle marker (LMM)?
• Precipitation is defined as what?
• Decision altitude (DA) is defined as which of the following on a precision approach?
• What is the final approach in an instrument approach procedure?
• Restricted area is airspace designated under 14 CFR Part 73 within which the flight of aircraft is subject to restriction. Which description best fits this designation?
• Centrifugal force is defined as which of the following?
• In a turn, what does the inclinometer indicate?
• Low or medium frequency refers to a frequency range used by which navigation aid?
• NDB stands for which phrase?
• Which wing component bears the highest bending loads in flight and during landing?
• Nondirectional beacons use what type of modulation?
• What information is included on World Aeronautical Charts?
• Special use airspace includes which categories?
• What is a servo tab?
• Leans describes a physical sensation caused by what?
• Position error in airspeed measurement is caused by what?
• What instrument indicates the aircraft's rate of climb or descent?
• What is a Venturi tube used for in aircraft instrumentation?
• What information does TACAN provide?
• The center of pressure is commonly referred to as which term?
• Which statement best describes an unusual attitude?
• Which statement about the Missed Approach Point is accurate?
• Pilots should check NOTAMs during flight planning when operating in an area with a temporary flight restriction (TFR) in effect.
• In a turboprop engine, most of the energy in the exhaust gases is converted into what?
• What is the imaginary line passing through the center of the propeller hub, perpendicular to the plane of rotation called?
• V2 is defined as?
• POH/AFM are FAA-approved documents listing operating conditions for a model.
• MOCA stands for which altitude concept?
• Which facility provides en route ATC services and separation for high-altitude air traffic?
• Which statement correctly describes the wing root?
• The mesosphere is a layer of the atmosphere directly above which layer?
• Which statement correctly identifies the content of the useful load?
• NSA stands for which term?
• Rigidity in space is defined as
• Lift: what is it?
• Nonstandard holding patterns use which turns?
• Which term describes inaccurate visual information for aligning the aircraft, which can disorient the pilot from the true horizon?
• Which components are included in the National Airspace System (NAS)?
• SDF is an instrument approach facility that shares some characteristics with a localizer but has a wider course width.
• ΔCG indicates a change in what aviation parameter?
• What does VFR over the top describe?
• What is true altitude in aviation?
• D.C. stands for which term in electrical systems?
• Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) is used to determine what?
• What is a procedure turn?
• Which instrument became the de facto standard to indicate roll and yaw in modern aircraft?
• What describes a warning area?
• The Magnus effect explains lifting force produced by rotation; which option properly describes this phenomenon?
• What is the purpose of the National Route Program (NRP)?
• Somatogravic illusion is the misperception of pitch attitude caused by rapid acceleration or deceleration when visual references are limited.
• Induction icing most commonly refers to icing in which system?
• The holding pattern is described as which of the following?
• How are regulatory prohibitions for NSAs disseminated?
• Which description best defines a missed approach?
• Double gimbal describes what?
• UHF refers to frequencies in what range?
• Which chart element identifies the distance from the FAF to the MAP and provides the time to transit that distance based on various groundspeeds?
• RNAV is a navigation method known as
• GLS is described as having lateral and vertical guidance with integrity limits similar to which concept?
• The abbreviation A.C. stands for?
• In normal flight, movable slats are closed; they extend to delay separation at high angles of attack. When is a movable slat typically extended?
• Which unit is used to express a standard rate turn?
• An overscored altitude on an instrument approach chart indicates the altitude to maintain or protect.
• What is a supercharger in aircraft propulsion?
• Which term describes an oxygen system that maintains constant oxygen partial pressure by mixing with air as altitude changes?
• Remote Communications Outlet (RCO) is best described as what?
• What causes magnetic compass deviation?
• An annual inspection is required to be performed how often on certificated aircraft?
• Wing twist is a design feature incorporated into some wings to improve what?
• Which description correctly characterizes spiral instability?
• Which description corresponds to Automatic dependent surveillance—broadcast (ADS-B)?
• Isogonic lines connect points having the same what?
• Fog is defined as:
• What does HUD stand for in cockpit equipment?
• During night, where does the land breeze move air?
• Fundamental skills in pilot training refer to which set?
• Which statement correctly describes the groups included in CRM definitions?
• Which option expands the acronym EFC correctly?
• Which statement correctly defines precession in a gyroscope?
• Which term describes the misperception of pitch attitude during rapid acceleration when external cues are limited?
• Static stability is the initial tendency an aircraft displays when disturbed from a state of equilibrium.
• What term describes aircraft with a single set of wings?
• What does the aircraft transponder provide to ground equipment in response to interrogation in ATCRBS/SSR?
• Which statement about standard atmosphere is true regarding how temperature behaves with altitude?
• Which term is described by the wheel principle with a heavily weighted rim spinning rapidly?
• MSL stands for which altitude term?
• Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) includes the federal aviation regulations governing:
• The total moment of an airplane is the weight multiplied by the distance from the datum to the point of application (the arm). What is this distance commonly called?
• What does AME stand for in aviation terminology?
• Which term best defines a report over a known location transmitted by an aircraft to ATC?
• GPS Approach Overlay Program is described as
• Which statement correctly defines Runway Visual Range (RVR)?
• NOTAMs alert pilots to hazards en route or at a specific location and are filed with an aviation authority. Which statement best describes NOTAMs?
• A VFR terminal area chart at a scale of 1:250,000 depicts which airspace?
• Mean sea level is the average height of the sea surface over what period?
• KIAS stands for what?
• Relative wind for an airplane in flight flows opposite to the direction of flight. Which factor determines the direction of the relative wind?
• Variation refers to which condition?
• Dead reckoning is navigation by which method?
• Runway Visual Range (RVR) is defined as what?
• Which description matches a diluter-demand oxygen system?
• Outside air temperature (OAT) is defined as which of the following?
• Underpower means what?
• Spiral instability is a condition that exists when the static directional stability of the airplane is very strong as compared to the effect of its dihedral in maintaining lateral equilibrium.
• The Approach Lighting System (ALS) is designed to provide pilots with what information during approach?
• What is a Stepdown fix?
• Regions of command refer to which relationship?
• The intensity of wingtip vortices depends on the airplane's weight, speed, and configuration.
• The acronym EFD stands for which term in aviation displays?
• TAWS stands for?
• PIC stands for which of the following?
• Airspace from the surface to 4,000 feet above the airport elevation surrounding airports with an operational control tower and radar approach control is which class?
• Which manual is not FAA approved and is not specific to a serial-number airplane, containing general information about the make and model?
• What does VNE indicate in aircraft performance?
• Which statement about takeoff distance is true?
• Which instrument approach provides both vertical and horizontal guidance?
• Which weather feature is commonly associated with low ceilings and rain?
• GPWS full form
• ILS stands for which system?
• Fixed-pitch propellers are propellers with which characteristic?
• The lower limit of the white arc corresponds to which speed?
• Fixating is defined as which behavior?
• The term used with the appropriate course and altitude to denote that the procedure turn is not required is which of the following?
• What is VS0?
• Which airspace is defined as an airspace of defined dimensions within which ATC service is provided to IFR and VFR flights in accordance with the airspace classification?
• Glideslope (GS) is part of the ILS that projects a radio beam upward at approximately how many degrees from the approach end of the runway, providing vertical guidance on the final approach?
• ΔCG represents a change in what component of an aircraft?
• What is cruise clearance?
• Airworthiness Certificate is a certificate issued by the FAA to all aircraft that have been proven to meet the minimum standards set down by the CFR.
• What causes wake turbulence?
• Which statement best describes an altitude engine?
• Pilotage is navigation by visual reference to landmarks.
• Which instrument is described as measuring the absolute atmospheric pressure by balancing the air's weight against a spring action within the device?
• Reverse sensing refers to the VOR needle appearing to indicate the reverse of normal operation. Which statement best describes this condition?
• Which instrument is described as an azimuth on a vertical card with a fixed miniature airplane to show heading, using eddy current damping to minimize lead and lag during turns?
• Hyperventilation occurs when emotional stress, fright, or pain causes which physiological change?
• Direct indication is described as the true and instantaneous reflection of aircraft attitude on which display?
• Which statement best describes a nonprecision approach?
• Acceleration error affects which instrument on certain headings?
• The vertical axis of an aircraft is also referred to as which axis in standard terms?
• Wingtip vortices are best described as
• An electromagnetic wave is best described as?
• What is the primary function of Airport Surveillance Radar (ASR)?
• NAS stands for what in aviation context?
• Which term describes the speed of the aircraft relative to the ground as used in navigation?
• St. Elmo's Fire is which phenomenon?
• What does FAF stand for in instrument approaches?
• What best describes the standard atmosphere at sea level?
• IVSI stands for what indicator?
• Which statement about NSAs is correct?
• In a double gimbal system, how many planes allow free motion around the gyro?
• Which term describes a system that improves the accuracy of Global Navigation Satellite Systems by providing satellite positioning corrections?
• Chord line in an airfoil is defined as which line?
• Which term describes the signal-to-noise ratio?
• Takeoff safety speed (V2) is defined as the airspeed after lift-off at which the required one-engine-inoperative climb performance can be achieved.
• ASDE is best described as which of the following?
• An airspeed indicator measures the aircraft's airspeed and displays it in what units typically?
• Regarding angle of attack, which statement is true?
• Equivalent airspeed is the airspeed equivalent to which speed measurement at sea level standard atmosphere?
• Which navigation term describes keeping the radio needle pointing to 0° relative bearing?
• Runway Visibility Value (RVV) is determined by which instrument?
• Takeoff safety speed (V2) stands for?
• What is block altitude in air traffic control terminology?
• Longitudinal stability (pitching) is stability about which axis?
• In radar, how is the direction of a detected object determined?
• What does GPS stand for?
• For high-speed aircraft, the standard rate turn is 1.5 degrees per second.
• Which statement best describes an occluded front?
• Sectional aeronautical charts are designed for visual navigation of which aircraft category?
• ASOS is used to provide what type of data?
• Which weather condition is commonly associated with a warm front?
• Direct indication on the attitude indicator provides what?
• Work is defined as what?
• Which term describes the system whereby the heading gyro is corrected to align with a remote magnetic direction sensing device?
• What does stagnant hypoxia refer to?
• Leading-edge flap is defined as what?
• Which term is defined as cabin pressure expressed as an equivalent altitude above sea level?
• Which term corresponds to the photosensitive pigment that initiates the visual response in the rods?
• Which navigation aid is used for nonprecision approaches with a final course that may be offset and wider than the localizer?
• Which statement about checklists is false?
• The distance from a datum to the point where a force is applied is called what?
• What does the Mach meter display?
• A disturbance that causes one wing to drop describes which stability concept?
• Runway edge lights are classified according to what characteristic?
• MEL stands for which list used in flight operations?
• Fundamental skills in IFR training most closely include which activity?
• What is the Missed Approach Point (MAP) defined as?
• On a PAPI display, what pattern indicates the aircraft is on the correct glide slope?
• TRSA areas provide participating pilots with additional radar services. What is the primary purpose of TRSA?
• In TRSA areas, participating pilots can receive additional radar services to provide separation between which groups?
• The turn-and-slip indicator is also known as which?
• Which statement correctly defines HAL?
• What is the purpose of the Glideslope in an ILS approach?
• What does the red line on the airspeed indicator signify?
• What does controllability refer to in aviation?
• What is a pitot-static head?
• The reference circle is also called what?
• Standard weights are weights established for numerous items involved in weight and balance computations.
• Jet stream flows generally in what direction near the upper troposphere?
• Pneumatic describes operation by what?
• Which term, literally, is a hole used to delay VSI pressure changes?
• What is neutral static stability?
• RNP stands for which concept?
• Which speed is the lower limit of the green arc on the airspeed indicator?
• NOTAM stands for which of the following?
• Tracking is defined as which of the following?
• NRP stands for which program?
• Trim is defined as?
• What term describes a pair of tail control surfaces arranged in the form of a V that function as elevators when moved together and as a rudder when moved differentially?
• Maximum zero fuel weight (GAMA) is defined as what?
• Baro-aiding augments GPS integrity using which source?
• What is the Stratosphere's approximate upper height?
• Locator middle marker (LMM) is described as which of the following?
• Eddy current damping describes which effect on oscillations?
• The United States Terminal Procedures Publication includes which items?
• Mileage breakdown on IFR charts refers to?
• RAM recovery describes which engine performance change?
• GLS stands for
• What are radials?
• What is Sublimation?
• P-factor would be to the right if the aircraft had a counterclockwise rotating propeller.
• An aneroid barometer measures atmospheric pressure by balancing which of the following?
• An agonic line is defined as:
• Which term describes the embodiment of personal traits set at a very early age and extremely resistant to change?
• World Aeronautical Charts cover land areas of the world at a size and scale convenient for navigation by what type of aircraft?
• LOM stands for which navigation aid configuration?
• Phugoid oscillations are slow pitch changes with which condition during the oscillation?
• What is an aneroid primarily known as in aviation instrumentation?
• Which term describes the overhead view of an instrument approach procedure showing routes?
• Leading-edge device function: which statement is true?
• What is mixed ice?
• Where is the nacelle mounted on most multi-engine propeller-driven airplanes?
• Winds aloft forecasts (FB) are issued how often?
• Which statement correctly describes Category II minima for an ILS approach?
• IFR flight relies on which basic element for navigation?
• What is the purpose of the Rabbit, the flasher system in terms of visibility?
• Which describes 'Land as soon as practical'?
• What is a radar summary chart?
• Which option correctly states the minima for an ILS Category I approach?
• Variation refers to which condition?
• Which statement about compressor stall is true?
• Condensation is defined as which of the following?
• What is an ammeter?
• HAA stands for height above what?
• What is described by the minimums section on an instrument approach procedure chart?
• Cowl flaps are shutter‑like devices arranged around certain air‑cooled engine cowlings that may be opened or closed to regulate the flow of air around the engine. Which term describes these devices?
• In flight deck terminology, what is the primary purpose of the Control Display Unit?
• What does the acronym ODP stand for?
• Hypoxic hypoxia is caused by which of the following conditions?
• CG range is the distance between forward and aft CG limits. Which option best expresses this definition?
• How is the minimum altitude depicted on instrument approach charts?
• Which statement correctly describes 'Land as soon as practical' in terms of pilot authority?
• What is the maximum certificated takeoff weight that defines a small airplane?
• Leading edge devices are high lift devices found on the leading edge. Which of the following is a typical type?
• METAR is used to describe which of the following?
• Which term describes the line along which an aircraft is flying or intended to be flown?
• Which statement best describes the term 'power required' in aviation?
• What does ASR stand for in aviation radar terminology?
• Primary and supporting refers to which concept?
• Evaporation is the transformation of a liquid into which state?
• Trend describes the immediate direction of aircraft movement as shown on instruments?
• Otolith organ is defined as...
• What is the function of a suction relief valve?
• Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) provides ATC service to aircraft operating on IFR flight plans within controlled airspace and principally during which phase of flight?
• Which statement best defines hypoxic hypoxia?
• Ramp weight may also be referred to as taxi weight.
• The z-axis is commonly referred to as which axis in aircraft coordinates?
• Which VFR operation allows an IFR aircraft to operate in VFR conditions at any appropriate altitude?
• Which term describes yaw to the left caused by unequal thrust from the propeller blades during a climb?
• Total drag is the sum of which two types of drag?
• WAAS stands for which of the following?
• Which option correctly expands NOAA?
• Rime ice is described as
• RNAV is best described by which option?
• Which term describes the air pressure environment around the aircraft used to infer altitude?
• MEA is the acronym for which altitude in flight planning?
• Which statement correctly describes a Frise-type aileron?
• Which statement defines the compressor pressure ratio?
• Speed is defined as what?
• Spoilers are used for which purpose during flight?
• Marker beacons are used along the flight path when approaching an airport and indicate both aurally and visually when the aircraft is directly over the facility.
• What term describes the state of confusion resulting from misleading sensory information that affects awareness of aircraft position?
• What does the Instantaneous Vertical Speed Indicator (IVSI) indicate?
• What does Minimum Vectoring Altitude (MVA) describe?
• Ultimate load factor is defined as what?
• Which statement is true about maximum zero fuel weight?
• Risk elements are
• DUATS stands for which system in aviation operations?
• Which description corresponds to Aviation Medical Examiner (AME)?
• Which of the following is NOT one of the identified hazardous attitudes?
• Track is defined as which?
• Empty-field myopia is best described as?
• Which type of information is commonly included on sectional aeronautical charts?
• A VOR test facility (VOT) is a ground facility used to check VOR receiver accuracy. Some VOTs are available airborne, others ground use only. Which statement is true?
• What is the 100-hour inspection?
• Which term describes lights that can be found both on and off an airport to identify obstructions?
• Which instrument is part of an inertial navigation system and measures acceleration in one direction?
• Which term describes clearance that is requested but not yet received after filing a flight plan?
• In an Inertial Navigation System, where is the initial position input?
• CDI stands for which instrument?
• Trim tab is defined as?
• CAS stands for which term?
• What defines the service ceiling in aircraft performance terms?
• ATCRBS stands for which system?
• Turbine discharge pressure refers to which of the following?
• What does VLO stand for?
• Which component is the elevator hinged to?
• What is a computer navigation fix used for in aircraft navigation?
• What is Structural icing?
• Height Above Landing (HAL) is the height above what area used for helicopter instrument approaches?
• What is minimum crossing altitude (MCA)?
• Maximum altitude on an instrument approach chart is the altitude at or below which aircraft are required to maintain altitude.
• Which altitude is specifically intended to ensure obstacle clearance during en route flight?
• The acronym DA stands for which term?
• SRM stands for what concept in pilot resource management?
• ODP is used for which of the following?
• What is synthetic vision?
• A Head-Up Display (HUD) allows the pilot to view flight instruments and other data while looking through the windshield for which items?
• Instrument takeoff refers to using what to maintain runway heading?
• What does Wind Correction Angle stand for in navigation?
• What does the Winds and Temperature Aloft Forecast (FB) provide?
• What does Magnetic bearing (MB) measure?
• ICAO stands for what?
• NAV/COM denotes a radio system that combines which two functions?
• Which term describes long-period oscillations around the lateral axis characterized by slow pitch and airspeed changes?
• HAL stands for height above what?
• The Attitude Director Indicator is an attitude indicator that includes flight command bars. Which option matches this description?
• Which system broadcasts position and other data to air traffic control and nearby aircraft?
• MCA stands for which altitude concept?
• Adverse yaw is best described as:
• What defines Magnetic heading?
• Which term describes stability about the aircraft's vertical axis, also known as yawing or directional stability?
• Which phenomenon during landing is defined as the brain's misinterpretation of ground features causing misread of spatial relationships?
• What does FA stand for in meteorology?
• Which organization is responsible for investigating transportation accidents in the United States?
• What is an unusual attitude?
• What is Stress?
• What does the AFM stand for and what does it contain?
• What is a position report?
• CG stands for which term?
• Chord line location question: The chord line of an airfoil is defined as an imaginary straight line drawn from which points?
• Which term describes transmission and reception on the same frequency?
• Which of the following best describes almanac data?
• Which items serve as wind direction indicators?
• What does Stress management refer to?
• In turbine engine terminology, which sequence correctly lists major components in order from intake to exhaust?
• What is the name of the fundamental skill in instrument flight described as the continuous and logical observation of instruments for attitude and performance information?
• PIREP is the acronym for which type of report?
• Dynamic hydroplaning is best described as what condition?
• What is an alert area in aviation?
• What is Takeoff Decision Speed (V1)?
• What does TERP prescribe?
• Which statement best describes monocoque fuselage design?
• Which navigation aid is used with the ground-based nondirectional beacon (NDB)?
• Which term corresponds to altitude reporting transponder mode?
• Datum (Reference Datum) in aircraft weight and balance is best described as which of the following?
• What describes a truss fuselage design?
• Which description accurately defines semimonocoque fuselage design?
• Which term refers to the weight of occupants, cargo, and baggage?
• What does IAS stand for in airspeed terminology?
• What does POH/AFM stand for?
• Marker beacons indicate both aurally and visually when the aircraft is directly over the facility.
• IVSI is an acronym for which aviation instrument?
• What is a waste gate?
• A turn in which the clock and the turn coordinator are used to change heading a definite number of degrees in a given time is called:
• Which term is described by the black markings on the ball instrument indicating its neutral position?
• How many discrete transponder codes are available to ATC?
• ADM stands for Aeronautical Decision-Making and is primarily used to:
• The fix, point, or location to which an aircraft is cleared when issued an air traffic clearance is called?
• Groundspeed is defined as what?
• Which feature defines a complex aircraft?
• Tower En Route Control (TEC) refers to which control concept?
• HIWAS is available in which area?
• MDA refers to which altitude?
• Center of Pressure is defined as a point along the wing chord line where lift is concentrated. Which of the following best describes this concept?
• LMM refers to?
• The cone of confusion is defined as which of the following?
• Hypemic hypoxia is a type of hypoxia caused by what primary factor?
• What is a radio altimeter?
• What does the 35-foot height refer to in takeoff distance terminology?
• Which instrument provides vertical guidance on a precision approach?
• MLS refers to what system?
• The acronym SIDS stands for which instruction related to departures?
• Biplanes are aircraft characterized by what feature?
• Accelerate-stop distance refers to?
• What is the proper definition of an altimeter setting?
• RAM recovery refers to which phenomenon?
• Centripetal force is defined as which of the following?
• Flight Level (FL) is used to denote altitude above which threshold, and how is it expressed?
• Which statement best describes 'land without delay at the nearest suitable area'?
• What is the Initial Approach Fix (IAF)?
• Ground effect exists within approximately how far from the ground?
• What is Magnetic compass?
• What does orientation refer to?
• Which item is not a wind direction indicator?
• NM in aviation distance measurement stands for which unit?
• The maximum altitude under standard atmospheric conditions at which a turbocharged engine can produce its rated horsepower is called the:
• AWOS stands for which system?
• What is camber in an airfoil?
• Which two components make up drag?
• Which description corresponds to Autopilot?
• Which statement best describes the Primary Flight Display (PFD)?
• Standard instrument departure procedures (SIDS) are published procedures to expedite clearance delivery and facilitate transition between takeoff and en route operations.
• Flight configurations involve adjusting which elements to achieve a specified attitude?
• Mass is defined as what?
• Which instrument is the foundation for instrument flight?
• Mode C refers to which capability?
• Which statement about sea breeze timing is true?
• SSR stands for which radar system in aviation?
• A continuous-flow oxygen system on commercial airliners is defined as which of the following?
• Flight patterns are used for which purpose?
• What does slant range refer to?
• En route high-altitude charts are used for IFR navigation at or above 18,000 ft MSL. Which statement best describes their altitude coverage?
• Which description best defines attitude management in aviation safety?
• Which statement about VORTAC is true?
• The PIC is defined as the pilot responsible for the operation and safety of an aircraft.
• Adiabatic heating occurs when air is compressed as it moves in which direction?
• Which best describes a pressure-demand oxygen system?
• Pilots should consult which publication for United States terminal procedures?
• Aircraft approach category is based on:
• When is a procedure turn prescribed?
• Which condition occurs when the manifold pressure exceeds the manufacturer's limit?
• An ammeter is best described as which of the following?
• What is the alternate static source valve?
• What is an alternate airport in IFR flight planning?
• VA refers to which speed?
• Exhaust gas temperature (EGT) is the temperature of the exhaust gases as they leave which components?
• DGPS is a navigation enhancement that improves GPS accuracy by using ground-based reference stations to provide differential corrections.
• Which description best defines a small airplane?
• What does the profile view on an instrument approach chart show?
• Which statement best describes Indicated Airspeed (IAS)?
• Convective weather is characterized by what atmospheric condition?
• Which instrument observes and reports meteorological conditions from the upper atmosphere, typically carried by a weather balloon?
• NOT typically included on World Aeronautical Charts?
• ATCRBS or SSR uses a transponder in the aircraft. What is the basic ground operation in this system?
• Which term describes the forward aerodynamic force produced by a propeller, fan, or turbojet engine as it forces air to the rear?
• HIWAS stands for which service?
• The term horsepower originated with which figure and concept?
• Fixating is defined as which behavior?
• At 3,000 feet MSL, the standard pressure and temperature are 26.92 inHg and 9 C. True or False?
• The first fundamental skill of instrument flight, cross‑check, is also known as which practice?
• Indicated altitude is
• Prevailing visibility is defined as what?
• Which statement best describes Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations?
• Aerodynamics is defined as:
• What is the Magnus effect?
• Wind Correction Angle is used to compensate for what?
• Acceleration error on a magnetic compass occurs when the aircraft accelerates on which headings, causing the compass card to rotate toward which direction?
• The Master Minimum Equipment List (MMEL) serves as the basis for which document used by operators?
• What does the maximum takeoff weight indicate?
• The PRM system is primarily used to monitor precision approaches on what scenario?
• Radar approach: In this method, what does the controller provide?
• What does overpower mean in aviation terms?
• RVV is associated with which aviation measurement?
• Absolute accuracy refers to what?
• Rigging refers to
• ATIS stands for what?
• In instrument approach procedures, what does the Missed Approach Point indicate?
• Which document defines the maximum zero fuel weight?
• Which term refers to the airborne portion of the ATC radar beacon system?
• Which type of airways are used to establish en route procedures and rely on a centerline from VOR/VORTACs and intersections?
• Which term describes the tendency of the aircraft to turn opposite the direction of rotation of the engine and propeller?
• The heading is defined as what?
• Which weather instrument is typically carried into the atmosphere by a weather balloon to observe and report meteorological conditions from the upper atmosphere?
• Which gear configuration uses a nose wheel?
• Which navaid may be equipped with a glideslope?
• What is the primary purpose of ASDE in airport operations?
• ICAO is the United Nations agency for developing international air navigation principles and fostering planning and development of international civil air transport.
• Which service automates routine information in terminal areas to relieve controller workload?
• Which instrument uses magnetic north as the reference to determine heading?
• What is the term for the product of the weight of an item multiplied by its arm, used in weight-and-balance calculations?
• What best describes a Military Training Route (MTR)?
• In the context provided, optical illusion refers to what?
• Uncontrolled airspace is Class G airspace with what characteristic?
• Which description matches a compass locator?
• Which statement about Indicated Airspeed corrections is true?
• MM stands for which marker?
• Which term designates areas where disturbances to the ILS localizer and glideslope may occur due to surface vehicles operating near the equipment?
• VEF is defined as the calibrated airspeed at which the critical engine of a multiengine aircraft is assumed to fail.
• What does EFC stand for in aviation communications?
• Maximum ramp weight is the total weight of a loaded aircraft, including all fuel, and is greater than the takeoff weight.
• RBI is associated with which navigation concept?
• In a vertical card magnetic compass, which damping mechanism reduces oscillations?
• What capability does Precision Runway Monitor (PRM) provide?
• Manifold absolute pressure is usually indicated in inches of mercury.
• MHz is a unit used to measure what property?
• Which term is defined as the altitude, charted as height above threshold, at which a decision must be made to continue or go missed on a precision approach?
• DP refers to what term in flight operations?
• Drag is defined as?
• What is a synchro used for?
• GWPS is an acronym for what?
• What does HAT stand for in aviation terminology?
• Touchdown zone lights consist of which of the following?
• Required navigation performance (RNP) defines a specified level of accuracy in which area?
• What is a radio wave?
• Which type of drag is caused by the collision of airstreams creating eddy currents and turbulence?
• Parallels are lines of what?
• Mach number is named in honor of which physicist?
• The symbol Hg is the chemical symbol for which element, derived from its Latin name hydrargyrum?
• Which term refers to moisture that appears when water vapor condenses on surfaces near the ground, typically overnight or in the morning?
• Which statement about condensation is true?
• The DP acronym corresponds to which operational procedure?
• ATC stands for what in aviation?
• DGPS stands for Differential global positioning system.
• IFR stands for which of the following?
• What is the purpose of the Direct User Access Terminal System (DUATS)?
• In aerodynamics, which letter represents lift?
• CRM stands for Crew Resource Management and is the application of team management concepts in the flight deck environment. Which statement is true about CRM?
• What describes wing area?
• Which statement defines the coefficient of lift (CL)?
• MOA stands for Military Operations Area. What is its primary designation?
• What does DME stand for?
• ADC stands for which avionics component?
• Which instrument or diagram shows a detailed diagram of the airport including surface features and configuration information?
• Which statement correctly describes the function of ailerons?
• Deposition is the phase change from gas to solid.
• MSA stands for which altitude term?
• Which lights are flush with the runway and emit a steady green color?
• The abbreviation FL is used to denote which of the following?
• The Attitude Director Indicator provides which type of cockpit information?
• What does minimum drag refer to in aerodynamics?
• What is a system in which the heading gyro is continuously corrected to agree with a remotely located magnetic direction sensing device?
• Ground effect causes which change to induced drag?
• Which statement best defines a stall?
• Which instrument provides near-instantaneous indication of vertical speed?
• The device that allows an object to remain upright when the base tilts is called a?
• Which term describes the lift coefficient (CL)?
• In turbine engines, N2 refers to the rotational speed of the ...
• Which statement correctly describes P-factor?
• What is a nacelle?
• Dutch roll refers to which flight dynamic?
• What are user-defined waypoints?
• What does dihedral describe in aircraft design?
• Which navigation facility consists of VOR and TACAN components and provides VOR azimuth, TACAN azimuth, and TACAN distance (DME) at one site?
• AHRS is described as which of the following?
• Atmospheric propagation delay in GPS refers to which?
• Elevator illusion is characterized by which description?
• MH indicates what in flight instruments?
• Which engine type uses the bypass to create additional thrust by diverting a secondary airflow around the combustion chamber?
• GS stands for which term in air navigation?
• What is the Mandatory block altitude?
• Taxiway turnoff lights are lights that are flush with the runway and emit a steady color.
• The en route facilities ring on navigation charts is depicted in which plan view?
• What does the term 'cage' refer to on the ball instrument in flight instruments?
• Which instrument indicates rate of climb or descent by measuring pressure change?
• A standard instrument approach procedure in which only horizontal guidance is provided describes which approach?
• ADS-B stands for what?
• Which of the following describes a fixed slot on a wing?
• Which statement about microbursts is true?
• Vapor lock can be caused by what conditions?
• The Visual Descent Point (VDP) is best described as?
• Which data elements are typically shown on a surface analysis chart?
• ADF stands for which navigation aid?
• Under the GPS Approach Overlay Program, which procedures are excluded?
• NTSB stands for which organization?
• In a standard holding pattern, turns are made in which direction?
• P-static is best described as which phenomenon?
• Which type of drag on an aircraft increases with airspeed and is caused by the friction of air moving over the aircraft surface?
• Flight configurations refer to which action?
• What does the term knot measure?
• Which NAVAID is used for nonprecision instrument approaches and may have a final approach course offset up to 3 degrees and wider than a localizer?
• Maximum Authorized Altitude (MAA) is defined as what?
• Touchdown Zone Lights are characterized by which configuration?
• How is stability defined in airplane design?
• In turbine engines, N1 refers to the rotational speed of which component?
• What best describes an agonic line?
• Which statement best defines a high performance aircraft?
• Decision height (DH) is defined as which of the following on a precision approach?
• Engine pressure ratio (EPR) is defined as what?
• What characterizes a Strapdown system?
• Which service provides information to the flight deck via data link using the S-mode transponder and altitude encoder to improve see-and-avoid?
• ODP stands for what in obstacle procedures?
• Which term designates areas where disturbances to the ILS localizer and glideslope courses may occur when surface vehicles or aircraft operate near the localizer or glideslope antennas?
• Which description corresponds to Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS)?
• PIREP is the acronym used for which type of aviation report?
• Which statement best describes 'Land immediately'?
• Situational awareness is defined as the pilot's knowledge of where the aircraft is in relation to location, ATC, weather, regulations, aircraft status, and other factors that may affect flight.
• GAMA stands for?
• Load factor is defined as?
• Localizer-type directional aid (LDA) is best described as?
• The illusion of rotation or movement in an entirely different axis caused by an abrupt head movement while in a prolonged constant‑rate turn that has ceased to stimulate the brain's motion sensing system is called what?
• RAIM stands for which concept?
• Which term describes the act of maintaining the desired ground track by adjusting heading to compensate for crosswinds?
• Airspace not Class A, Class B, Class C, or Class D, and is controlled airspace is which class?
• Which description corresponds to Automatic Direction Finder (ADF)?
• Exhaust gas temperature (EGT) is a key indicator in which engine types?
• Which is a permitted use of a special flight permit?
• What are Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC)?
• Which description best defines the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)?
• Lateral stability refers to stability about which axis?
• RT is defined as what?
• Which statement best describes static stability?
• What is the definition of flight path?
• Which airspace is uncontrolled unless associated with a temporary control tower?
• How is range determined in radar?
• A fixed slot is located near which part of the wing?
• Which instrument approach is described as ATC issuing instructions for pilot compliance based on aircraft position relative to the final approach course and the distance from the end of the runway as displayed on the controller's radar scope?
• In aviation navigation, NM refers to which unit?
• The Airport/Facility Directory (A/FD) is part of which broader publication?
• What is eddy currents?
• During hydroplaning, which statement accurately describes the effect on aircraft handling and how anti-skid systems interact?
• Single-pilot resource management is best described as the pilot's ability to manage all resources to ensure flight success. Which option best reflects SRM?
• What does HF stand for in aviation context?
• MOCA stands for which altitude concept?
• Which description best matches the term autokinesis?
• A microburst typically occurs over what horizontal distance?
• Airworthiness Directive (AD) is a regulatory notice informing the registered owner of a condition that prevents the aircraft from continuing to meet its airworthiness. Compliance must be within the required time limit, and the fact of compliance, the date of compliance, and the method of compliance are recorded in the aircraft's maintenance records.
• VFE represents the maximum speed with which configuration?
• MAC stands for Mean Aerodynamic Chord.
• DOD stands for?
• Nondirectional beacons transmitting a continuous carrier are typically associated with which frequency range?
• METAR is a type of what?
• Relative humidity is defined as the ratio of the amount of water vapor in the air to the maximum amount that could exist at the current temperature. What is this maximum value most commonly expressed as?
• Hazardous Inflight Weather Advisory Service (HIWAS) provides continuously updated hazardous weather within how many nautical miles of selected VORs?
• Encoding altimeter is used to convey to air traffic control what information?
• What term defines the fix, point, or location to which an aircraft is cleared when issued an air traffic clearance?
• Which term is the forward force that propels the airplane through the air?
• What is negative static stability?
• Which of the following best describes a checklist?
• Advection fog is produced by which mechanism?
• Which term represents a satellite navigation system with global coverage and autonomous positioning?
• Which term describes the act of removing ice accumulation from an aircraft structure?
• RMI stands for
• En route high-altitude charts are used for IFR navigation at or above what altitude?
• Anhedral describes which wing or tail geometry?
• SIDS is an acronym for which aviation term?
• What is the function of a servo in flight control systems?
• Which statement describes a standard holding pattern?
• What is ambient temperature?
• Spiraling slipstream refers to what effect?
• Lag is best defined as which of the following?
• The Terminal Aerodrome Forecast uses the same descriptors and abbreviations as which weather report?
• Which term describes using more movement in the control column than necessary to achieve the desired pitch-and-bank condition?
• Which term refers to a satellite navigation system that provides autonomous geospatial positioning with global coverage?
• Limit load factor: what does it represent?
• What does 'control pressures' describe in relation to flight controls?
• Aircraft altitude is defined as the:
• Which statement best describes a microburst?
• What device converts DC to AC to operate A.C. gyro instruments?
• Height Above Landing (HAL) is a measure used for instrument approach procedures for which type of aircraft?
• Indirect indication
• Propeller/rotor modulation error can affect which instrument reading?
• Which instrument shows the airplane's attitude relative to the horizon?
• Meridians are lines of what?
• Chart Supplement U.S. is which type of publication?
• Which statement best describes the Outer Marker’s function location on an ILS approach?
• Which statement describes an Inertial Navigation System (INS)?
• Which statement best describes the land breeze?
• Basic empty weight (GAMA) includes which items?
• The barometric scale on the altimeter is used to set what?
• EFD stands for which term?
• L/MF stands for which of the following?
• Which statement best describes Area Navigation (RNAV)?
• Jet route is a route designated to serve flight operations from what altitude to what maximum altitude?
• St. Elmo's Fire is which phenomenon?
• Which term describes a distress or urgent condition?
• Glideslope intercept altitude is defined as?
• SIGMET describes what kind of information?
• Calibrated, in instrument terminology, means what?
• The three axes pass through the aircraft's center of gravity at what angles?
• Licensed empty weight: what components included?
• Taxiway edge lights are omnidirectional lights that outline the edges of the taxiway and are blue in color.
• The elevator is the?
• Differential pressure refers to which of the following?
• What term describes a change in cabin pressure faster than the lungs can decompress, potentially causing lung damage?
• Which option best describes the National Airspace System (NAS)?
• Which statement describes a servo in flight control systems?
• ADM stands for what concept?
• Which process is evaporation?
• Which term describes the process of estimating values between known values, such as 7/16 between 3/8 and 1/2?
• What is VOR as used in aviation navigation?
• What does Magnetic dip describe?
• Air Route Surveillance Radar (ARSR) is primarily used by which facility to detect and display an aircraft's position while en route?
• What best describes a turbine engine?
• Emphasis error refers to?
• Which term refers to the display that shows primary flight information such as attitude and airspeed?
• Static longitudinal stability is defined as the aerodynamic pitching moments required to return the aircraft to the equilibrium angle of attack.
• GPWS provides warnings related to what hazard?
• Which term describes stability about an aircraft's vertical axis, also called yawing or directional stability?
• Condensation nuclei are which of the following?
• Which term is the final adjustment and alignment of an aircraft?
• In the context of hypemic hypoxia, the term 'hypemic' refers to which fact about the blood?
• Which line type connects points with the same magnetic variation?
• REIL are located where?
• What is tension in aviation terms?
• Which takeoff distance calculation includes climbing to 35 feet and reaching V2 with remaining engines after an engine failure at V1?
• What does VFR stand for?
• What does positive static stability describe?
• TEC stands for?
• What is a Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI)?
• Telephone information briefing service (TIBS) stands for which term?
• Which term describes a control surface rigged so that the up aileron moves more than the down aileron?
• NOTAMs alert pilots to hazards along routes or at specific locations. NOTAMs are notices filed with an aviation authority to alert pilots of hazards. Which term best describes NOTAMs?
• Which system is described as an aircraft computer that receives and processes pitot pressure, static pressure, and temperature to calculate altitude, indicated airspeed, true airspeed, and air temperature?
• Static longitudinal stability is primarily concerned with which of the following?
• The drag curve is created by plotting what?
• Which speed provides the most altitude gain in a given period of time?
• MAC stands for which aerodynamic measurement?
• What best describes a multifunction display (MFD)?
• The Terminal Arrival Area (TAA) supports arriving aircraft equipped with which navigational equipment?
• Drag generated between air molecules and the solid surface of the aircraft.
• Relative wind direction is determined by which of the following factors?
• Wingtip vortices are also referred to as wake turbulence.
• Airspace from the surface to 2,500 feet above the airport elevation surrounding those airports that have an operational control tower is which class?
• Reference circle is described as which of the following?
• Which unit of measurement is used to express distances for stations on an aircraft?
• What does uncaging refer to in gyroscopic instruments?
• An axial-flow compressor is made up of which components?
• In an ILS approach, the Outer Marker is typically located where?
• Which term describes the speed or rate of movement in a certain direction?
• Which turn is uncoordinated with the bank angle such that the horizontal lift component is greater than the centrifugal force, pulling the aircraft toward the inside of the turn?
• EFC stands for which term?
• The drag curve is produced by plotting which of the following?
• Which runway lighting component outlines the edges of runways at night or during low visibility and is classified according to the intensity they are capable of producing?
• Which statement about almanac data is true?
• What is Rabbit, the?
• Not a typical leading-edge device type?
• Which statement defines Calibrated Airspeed (CAS)?
• The procedural, psychomotor, and perceptual skills used to control a specific aircraft or its systems.
• Which facility provides en route air traffic control services for high-altitude traffic?
• DA stands for what term?
• Transponder code is defined as?
• Which term describes the gyroscope property that prevents axis tilt due to Earth's rotation?
• ARSR stands for what in air traffic control terminology?
• The VASI provides what kind of guidance?
• TCAS is best described as which?
• The Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) combines which two functions?
• Jet route is defined for flight operations at which altitude range?
• TCAS stands for?
• Which statement best describes the PAPI lighting arrangement?
• MB is the abbreviation for which navigation term?
• What does the acronym FDI stand for in cockpit instruments?
• Which statement best describes foreign object damage (FOD) occurrence?
• Which characteristic is used to determine an aircraft's approach category?
• Vortices from heavy aircraft may be extremely hazardous to which of the following?
• What does the acronym AFM/POH stand for?
• Calibrated orifice is a specific device used to delay pressure changes in which instrument?
• PAR stands for which radar system?
• Payload (GAMA) is defined as what?
• Which statement best describes power in aviation?
• Selective Availability (SA) introduces navigation errors primarily in which data?
• How is the aspect ratio of a wing defined?
• Which term describes the wing shape as seen from above?
• A hung start is characterized by which condition?
• Which term describes the boundary where cold air replaces warm air?
• Which airspace extends from 18,000 feet MSL up to and including FL 600, including waters within 12 NM of the coast and designated international airspace beyond 12 NM within areas of domestic navigational signal or ATC radar coverage?
• Which statement about RAIM is true?
• In modern aircraft, which instrument largely replaced the turn-and-slip indicator?
• What are feeder facilities used for in air traffic control?
• NAV/COM refers to which type of radio?
• Which instrument technique uses one instrument to initiate attitude changes while others monitor progress?
• Which term defines the calibrated airspeed at which the critical engine failure is assumed in a multiengine aircraft?
• What is the movable primary control surface mounted on the trailing edge of the vertical fin of an airplane that rotates the airplane about its vertical axis?
• Hypoxia is defined as what condition in the body?
• Flight strips are best described as:
• Which navigation method relies solely on calculations using indicated airspeed, track, wind, and elapsed time?
• Which statement best describes an altitude engine?
• Traffic Information Service (TIS) provides information to the flight deck via data link using the S-mode transponder and altitude encoder to improve see-and-avoid. Which option best describes this service?
• What is ATC permission for an aircraft to proceed under specified traffic conditions within controlled airspace called?
• What is the Kollsman window used for in aviation instruments?
• Which weather term stands for Significant Meteorological Information?
• Which statement describes a constant-speed propeller?
• Form drag is caused by:
• For a controllable-pitch propeller, under what condition can it provide reverse thrust without changing shaft rotation direction?
• Which condition exists when a reciprocating engine has exceeded the maximum manifold pressure allowed by the manufacturer?
• What is takeoff distance?
• In aircraft terminology, a station is defined as what?
• The heading indicator displays heading based on a 360° azimuth, with the final zero omitted. What is omitted?
• Vertical distances in a microburst are typically less than how many feet?
• Which term describes flight conducted under instrument flight rules?
• Which statement best describes camber in an airfoil?
• A tailwheel airplane is best described by which landing gear arrangement?
• Nondirectional radio beacon (NDB) is defined as what?
• The Flight Director Indicator (FDI) is which of the following?
• TAWS uses a GPS positioning and a database of terrain and obstructions to provide true predictability of upcoming terrain and obstacles. Which data source best describes TAWS?
• Which publication does TPP refer to?
• Mean aerodynamic chord is defined as which distance?
• ICAO is the acronym for which organization?
• Deceleration error in a magnetic compass is characterized by which of the following behaviors?
• What is a poor judgment chain?
• IMC are defined as weather conditions requiring operations to be conducted under IFR.
• A gimbal ring is a type of what, allowing upright orientation when base tilts?
• Standard terminal arrival route (STAR) is a preplanned IFR arrival procedure published for pilot use in graphic and/or textual form.
• A Locator Outer Marker is collocated with which marker?
• Bernoulli's Principle explains how pressure in a moving fluid varies with what?
• RCO stands for what?
• Precision Approach Radar (PAR) is used to guide aircraft by providing what?
• Horsepower is defined as?
• Preferred IFR routes serve what purpose?
• Special fuel consumption is defined as the amount of fuel in pounds per hour consumed by an engine per brake horsepower or per pound of thrust.
• How is an airplane most accurately defined?
• Which option lists the altitude range for the troposphere as latitude varies?
• Which term refers to navigational guidance by assigning headings?
• Prevailing visibility requires that the visibility be equal to or exceeded for what portion of the horizon?
• An uncoordinated turn in which the rate of turn is too great for the angle of bank, pulling the aircraft to the outside of the turn.
• Which statement best describes the plan view on an instrument approach chart?
• What does VNO represent?
• Which statement about takeoff distance relative to one-engine inoperative distance is true?
• What is a waypoint?
• Which statement best describes LAAS in navigation?
• Which statement correctly differentiates hot start from hung start?
• The Airport/Facility Directory (A/FD) is published as part of which publication?
• In ATCRBS/SSR, the beacon antenna is mounted so it rotates with the surveillance antenna.
• What does the V-G diagram relate?
• What are wings?
• Which instrument incorporates flight command bars to provide pitch and roll cues?
• What does VHF stand for in radio communications?
• Inertial navigation systems rely on which sensors to determine motion?
• In a turbofan engine, the bypass ratio is defined as the ratio of the mass airflow through which paths?
• The angle of attack at which a wing stalls regardless of airspeed, flight attitude, or weight is known as the:
• What does the abbreviation IAP stand for in aviation terminology?
• Which altitude concept is defined as the lowest altitude between radio fixes that ensures obstacle clearance and navigational signal coverage within 25 statute miles of a VOR?
• What best describes preventive maintenance as described in 14 CFR part 43, appendix A?
• What is TACAN?
• What does Airport Surface Detection Equipment (ASDE) provide for air traffic control?
• Which statement defines a compass course?
• What does the symbol Δ denote in aviation contexts?
• Which term is defined as the positive acute angle between the lateral axis and a line through the center of a wing?
• CG location may be expressed in inches from the reference datum, or in percent MAC. Which option expresses these two forms?
• Which system broadcasts its state vector and other information periodically to air traffic management?
• CG location can be expressed as which two forms?
• NAVAID stands for which of the following?
• Which statement best defines minimum obstruction clearance altitude (MOCA)?